Metal-Based Biomaterials for Clinical Implant Applications: Materials and Performance – A Review

• Vincent B. ONIGBARA

  Author

• Sunday I. AGU

  Author

• Muftau A. GBENLE

  Author

Biomaterials are very essential to clinical implant applications because they make it possible to replace, repair, or enhance damaged tissues and organs. Among the various types of biomaterials available, metallic biomaterials are regularly adopted for medical implants because of their exceptional strength, robustness, and capacity to tolerate load-bearing circumstances. The key characteristics needed for biomaterials are covered in this review, including resistance to wear, durability under cyclic stress, protection against corrosion, and biocompatibility. Additionally, it highlights the properties and biomedical uses of widely used metallic biomaterials, including stainless steels, tantalum, nickel–titanium alloys, dental alloys, titanium and its alloys, zirconium–niobium alloys, and cobalt–chromium alloys. The review also lists the main drawbacks of metallic implants, such as wear debris generation, corrosion, metal ion release, toxicity issues, and stress shielding. In general, enhancing implant effectiveness and directing future advancements in biomedical materials require an awareness of the characteristics, uses, and difficulties of metallic biomaterials.

• FJET_21_34_34

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